\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^{101}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+...+3^{101}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{100}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=3^{101}-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3^{101}-3}{2}< 3^{100}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A< B\)

a. tính A = 3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100

3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^100

3A-A=(3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^101)-(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100)=3^101-3=3^100

mà B=3^100-1 => A<B

Bài 1)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có:

\(1=(a^2+b^2)(m^2+n^2)\geq (am+bn)^2\Rightarrow -1\leq am+bn\leq 1\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{m}=\frac{b}{n}\) . Kết hợp với \(a^2+b^2=m^2+n^2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow \) dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=\pm m;b=\pm n\)

Bài 2)

Ta thấy:

\((ac-bd)^2\geq 0\Rightarrow a^2c^2+b^2d^2\geq 2abcd\Rightarrow (ac+bd)^2\geq 4abcd\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 4\geq 4cd\rightarrow cd\leq 1\Rightarrow 1-cd\geq 0\) (đpcm)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(ac=bd=\pm 1\) và \(cd=1\) ....

Bài 3)

Vế đầu:

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac\leq a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Nhân $2$ và chuyển vế \(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2\geq 0\)

BĐT trên luôn đúng nên BĐT đầu tiên cũng đúng.

Vế sau:

\(\Leftrightarrow 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq 2(ab+bc+ac)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2\geq 0\) (luôn đúng)

Do đó BĐT sau cũng luôn đúng với mọi số thực $a,b,c$

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c$

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m^2+n^2=1\\a^2+b^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(m^2+n^2\right)=\left(am\right)^2+\left(an\right)^2+\left(bm\right)^2+\left(bn\right)^2=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(am+bn\right)^2-\left[\left(ambn-\left(an\right)^2\right)+\left(ambn-\left(bm\right)^2\right)\right]=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(am+bn\right)^2+\left[an\left(bm-an\right)\right]+\left[bm\left(an-bm\right)\right]=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(am+bn\right)^2-\left(bm-an\right)\left(an-bm\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(am+bn\right)^2+\left(an-bm\right)^2=1\\ \)

\(\left(an-bm\right)^2\ge0\forall_{a,b,m,n}\Rightarrow\left(am+bn\right)^2\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow-1\le\left(am+bn\right)\le1\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Bài 1 : tìm N thuộc N , biết :

a) 1<2^n < 128

2^0 < 2^n < 2^7

0 < n < 7

Vì n là số tự nhiên nên n = 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6

Vậy n ∈ {1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6}

b) 9 < 3^n < 729

2^2 < 3^n < 3^6

2 < n < 6

Vì n là số tự nhiên nên n = 3; 4; 5

Vậy n ∈ {3; 4; 5}

c) 1 <=3^2n <= 27 ^ 2

3^0 ≤ 3^2n ≤ 3^6

0 ≤ 2n ≤ 6

0 ≤ n ≤ 3

Vì n là số tự nhiên nên n ∈ {0; 1 ; 2; 3}

A= \(\frac{1}{2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) 2A = 1 + \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) 2A - A = ( \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\) ) -

( \(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\))

\(\Rightarrow\) A = 1 - \(\frac{1}{2^{100}}\) < 1

Vậy: A < 1
\(\frac{1}{2}\)

B= \(\frac{2}{1.2}+\frac{2}{2.3}+\frac{2}{3.4}+...+\frac{2}{99.100}\)

= 2. \(\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\right)\)

= 2. ( \(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\) )

= 2. \(\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{100}\right)\) = \(\frac{99}{50}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) B = \(\frac{99}{50}\) < \(\frac{100}{50}\) = 2

Vậy: B < 2

1)A=987

CMR A = 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/7 + ... + 1/17 < 2

A = 1/5 + 1/6 + 1/7 + ... + 1/17

Vì 1/6 < 1/7 < 1/8 < 1/9 < 1/5 và 1/10 < 1/11 < 1/12 < 1/13 < 1/14 <1/15 < 1/16 < 1/17 < 1/8 nên:

A = (1/5 + 1/6 + 1/7 + 1/8 + 1/9) + (1/10 + 1/11 + 1/12 + 1/13 + 1/14+ 1/15 + 1/16 + 1/17)

A < (1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5 + 1/5) + (1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8+1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8)

A < 1 + 1

A < 2

Vậy: A < 2 (đpcm)

\(a.A=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\) 

\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)

\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)

\(2A-A=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)

\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}< 1\)

\(b.B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

\(3A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)

\(3A-A=\left(1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)

\(2A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

\(6A=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)

\(6A-2A=\left(3+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)

\(4A=3-\frac{100}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

\(4A=3-\frac{300}{3^{100}}-\frac{3}{3^{100}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

\(4A=3-\frac{303}{3^{100}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)

\(4A=3-\frac{203}{3^{100}}< 3\)

\(A< \frac{3}{4}\)

Ủng hộ mk nha ^_^