Đặt A = 3¹ + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰

= (3¹ + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰)

= 3.(1 + 3) + 3³.(1 + 3) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3)

= 3.4 + 3³.4 + ... + 3⁹⁹.4

= 4.(3 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 4

Vậy A ⋮ 4

.

\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\\ A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)\\ A=13\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)⋮13\)

\(M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{17}+2^{18}+2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{16}\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)\\ M=30\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)⋮5\)

a: \(A=3+3^2+3^3+\cdots+3^{60}\)

\(=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+\left(3^4+3^5+3^6\right)+\cdots+\left(3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\)

\(=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^4\left(1+3+3^2\right)+\cdots+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)

\(=13\left(3+3^4+\cdots+3^{58}\right)\)

=>A⋮13

b: \(M=2+2^2+\cdots+2^{20}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+\ldots+\left(2^{17}+2^{18}+2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\)

\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+\cdots+2^{17}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)

\(=15\left(2+2^5+\cdots+2^{17}\right)\)

=>M⋮5

\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{60}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+\left(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8\right)+...+\left(3^{57}+3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^5\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{57}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right)\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=40\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right)⋮40\)

$A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{60}$

$\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+\left(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8\right)+...+\left(3^{57}+3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)$

$\Rightarrow A$