Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol), n_{Zn} = b(mol) , n_{Al} = c(mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 65b + 27c = 20,4(1)$

$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 +3 H_2$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b + 1,5c = \dfrac{10,08}{22,4} = 0,45(mol)(2)$

Mặt khác : 

$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$
$Zn + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} ZnCl_2$
$2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$

Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = 1,5n_{Fe} + n_{Zn} + 1,5n_{Al}$

Suy ra : \dfrac{1,5a + b + 1,5c}{a + b + c} = \dfrac{0,275}{0,2}(3)$

Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1

$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20,4}.100\% = 54,9\%$

$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,1.65}{20,4}.100\% = 31,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 54,9\% - 31,9\% = 13,2\%$

\(2Na\left(a\right)+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\left(0,5a\right)\)

\(2Al\left(b\right)+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\left(1,5b\right)\)

Gọi a,b, c lần lượt là sm của Na, Al, Fe trog hh M

Ta có: \(0,5a=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\Rightarrow a=0,4\)

m_{cr ko tan} = 6g \(\Rightarrow27b+56c=6\left(I\right)\)

\(1,5b=\dfrac{5,152}{22,4}=0,23\Rightarrow b=0,153\left(II\right)\)

Thay (II) vào (I) => a = 0,03

=> %m

Hoàng Thị Ngọc Anh 0,2 mol H2 là của 0,5a với 1,5b luôn mà chị

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.27,375\%=54,75\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{54,75}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl₂ + H₂

a ----> 2a --------> a -----> a

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

b ---> 2b -------> b ------> b

Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=43,7\\a+b=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{dd}=43,7+200-0,7.2=242,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.136}{242,3}=28,06\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{242,3}=10,48\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(1,5-0,5.2-0,2.2\right).36,5}{242,3}=1,51\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\\Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_{\text{ 4 }}+H_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
 gọi số mol Zn là x , số mol Fe là y 
=> 65x+56y=43,7
=> a+b=0,7 
=>a=0,5 , b =0,2  
=> \(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\\ m_{Fe}=43,7-32,5=11,2\left(G\right)\)
 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,953m}{22,4}=0,042545m\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=z\left(mol\right)\left(x,y,z>0\right)\\\Rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y+64z=m\\40x+51y+80z=1,72m\\x+1,5y=0,042545m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,012845m\\y\approx0,0198m\\z\approx0,002455m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx\dfrac{0,002455.64m}{m}.100\%\approx15,712\%\\ \%m_{Al}\approx\dfrac{27.0,0198m}{m}.100\%\approx53,46\%\\ \%m_{Mg}\approx\dfrac{0,012845.24m}{m}.100\%\approx30,828\%\)

Ta có: m_Cu = 1,86 (g)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Có: m_Al + m_Fe = 6 - 1,86 = 4,14 (g)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 27x + 56y = 4,14 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,135\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,06\left(mol\right)\\y=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,86}{6}.100\%=31\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{6}.100\%=27\%\\\%m_{Fe}=42\text{%}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Chất rắn không tan sau phản ứng là Cu

=> m Cu = 1,86(gam)

Gọi n Al =a (mol) ; n Fe = b(mol) => 27a + 56b = 6 -1,86 = 4,14(1)

$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$

n H2 = 1,5a + b = 3,024/22,4 = 0,135(2)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,06 ; b = 0,045

Vậy :

%m Cu = 1,86/6 .100% = 31%

%m Al = 0,06.27/6 .100% = 27%

%m Fe = 100% -31% -27% = 42%