1.2.3.4 -1.2.3 +1.2.3 -1.3.4

= 3.8 -3.2 +3.2 -3.4

= 3. ( 8- 2 +2 -4)

= 3. 4

=12

12

A = 1.100 + 2.99 + 3.98 + 98.3 + 99.2 + 100.1

1.100 = 1.100 = 1.100

2.99 = 2.(100 - 1) = 2.100 - 1.2

3.98 = 3.(100 - 2) = 3.100 - 2.3

4.97 = 4.(100 - 3) = 4.100 = 3.4

...............................................................

100.1 = 100.(100 - 99) = 100.100 - 99.100

Cộng vế với vế ta có:

A = 1.100+2.100+...+99.100+100.100 - (1.2 +2.3+ 3.4+...+99.100)

Đặt B = 1.100 + 2.100+...+99.100 + 100.100

C = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 +...+ 99.100

A = B - C

B = 1.100 + 2.100 + ...+ 99.100 + 100.100

B = 100.(1+ 2+ ... + 99+ 100)

B = 100.(100 + 1) x 100 : 2

B = 505000

C = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 +...+ 99.100

3C = 1.2.3 + 2.3.3 +..+99.100.3

1.2.3 = 1.2.3

2.3.3 = 2.3.(4 - 1) = 2.3.4 - 1.2.3

99.100.3 = 99.100.(101 - 98)=99.100.101-98.99.100

Cộng vế với vế ta có:

3C = 99.100.101

C = 99.100.101 : 3

C = 333300

A = B - C

A = 505000 - 333300

A = 171700

Câu b:

A = 9+99+ 999+...+9999...99(1000 chữ số 9)

9 = - 1 + 10

99 = - 1 + 100

999 = - 1 + 1000

...............................

999...999 = -1 + 1000...00(1000 chữ số 0)

Cộng vế với vế ta có:

B = - 1 x 1000 + 11111...10(1000 chữ số 1)

B = 111....110110 (999 chữ số 1)

Đặt A = \(1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1.2.3....n}\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1.2}=\frac{1}{1.2}\)

\(\frac{1}{1.2.3}=\frac{1}{2.3}\)

\(\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}< \frac{1}{3.4}\)

..............

\(\frac{1}{1.2.3....n}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được:

\(A< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}=1+1-\frac{1}{n}=2-\frac{1}{n}< 2\)(đpcm)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{2}{1.2.3}+........+\dfrac{99}{1.2.......100}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{2}{3!}+....+\dfrac{99}{100!}\)

\(=\dfrac{2-1}{2!}+\dfrac{3-1}{3!}+.......+\dfrac{100-1}{100!}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{2!}-\dfrac{1}{3!}+....+\dfrac{1}{99!}-\dfrac{1}{100!}\)

\(=1-\dfrac{1}{100!}< 1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)