Ta có: \(\frac{2z-4x}{3}=\frac{3x-2y}{4}=\frac{4y-3z}{2}\)

=>\(\frac{6z-12x}{9}=\frac{12x-8y}{16}=\frac{8y-6z}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\frac{6z-12x}{9}=\frac{12x-8y}{16}=\frac{8y-6z}{4}=\frac{6z-12x+12x-8y+8y-6z}{9+16+4}=0\)

=>6z-12x=0 và 12x-8y=0 và 8y-6z=0

=>12x=8y=6z

=>\(\frac{12x}{24}=\frac{8y}{24}=\frac{6z}{24}\)

=>\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}=k\)

=>x=2k; y=3k; z=4k(Với k∈N*)

\(200

=>\(200<\left(3k\right)^2+\left(4k\right)^2<450\)

=>\(200<25k^2<450\)

=>\(8

mà k là số nguyên dương

nên k∈{3;4}

TH1: k=3

=>\(\begin{cases}x=2\cdot3=6\\ y=3\cdot3=9\\ z=4\cdot3=12\end{cases}\)

TH2: k=4

=>\(\begin{cases}x=2\cdot4=8\\ y=3\cdot4=12\\ z=4\cdot4=16\end{cases}\)

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x\\b=2y\\c=3z\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a+b+c=2;a,b,c>0\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\sqrt{\dfrac{\dfrac{ab}{2}}{\dfrac{ab}{2}+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{\dfrac{bc}{2}}{\dfrac{bc}{2}+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)

Vì a,b,c>0 nên áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, ta có: 

 \(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c^2+bc+ca+ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+c}}.\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{b+c}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) 

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)\)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow S\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: a=b=c=2/3=>\(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left\{\dfrac{2}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{2}{9}\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\frac{2z-4x}{3}=\frac{3x-2y}{4}=\frac{4y-3z}{2}\)

=>\(\frac{6z-12x}{9}=\frac{12x-8y}{16}=\frac{8y-6z}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\frac{6z-12x}{9}=\frac{12x-8y}{16}=\frac{8y-6z}{4}=\frac{6x-12x+12x-8y+8y-6z}{9+16+4}=0\)

=>12x=8y=6z

=>\(\frac{12x}{24}=\frac{8y}{24}=\frac{6z}{24}\)

=>\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}\)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}=k\)

=>x=2k; y=3k; z=4k

Vì x;y;z là các số nguyên dương nên k là số nguyên dương

\(200

=>\(200<\left(3k\right)^2+\left(4k\right)^2<450\)

=>\(200<25k^2<450\)

=>\(8

mà k là số nguyên dương

nên k∈{3;4}

TH1: k=3

=>\(\begin{cases}x=2\cdot3=6\\ y=3\cdot3=9\\ z=4\cdot3=12\end{cases}\)

TH2: k=4

=>\(\begin{cases}x=2\cdot4=8\\ y=3\cdot4=12\\ z=4\cdot4=16\end{cases}\)

mà k

Đặt \(\left(x;2y;3z\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=2\)

\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+2c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+2b}}\)

\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{ca+b\left(a+b+c\right)}}\)

\(S=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)

\(S\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x;y;z\)