Bài 8:

a: \(5^3=125;3^5=243\)

mà 125<243

nên \(5^3<3^5\)

b: \(7\cdot2^{13}<8\cdot2^{13}=2^3\cdot2^{13}=2^{16}\)

c: \(27^5=\left(3^3\right)^5=3^{3\cdot5}=3^{15}\)

\(243^3=\left(3^5\right)^3=3^{5\cdot3}=3^{15}\)

Do đó: \(27^5=243^5\)

d: \(625^5=\left(5^4\right)^5=5^{4\cdot5}=5^{20}\)

\(125^7=\left(5^3\right)^7=5^{3\cdot7}=5^{21}\)

mà 20<21

nên \(625^5<125^7\)

Bài 9:

a: \(3^{x}\cdot5=135\)

=>\(3^{x}=\frac{135}{5}=27=3^3\)

=>x=3(nhận)

b: \(\left(x-3\right)^3=\left(x-3\right)^2\)

=>\(\left(x-3\right)^3-\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)

=>\(\left(x-3\right)^2\cdot\left\lbrack\left(x-3\right)-1\right\rbrack=0\)

=>\(\left(x-3\right)^2\cdot\left(x-4\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x-3=0\\ x-4=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=3\left(nhận\right)\\ x=4\left(nhận\right)\end{array}\right.\)

c: \(\left(2x-1\right)^4=81\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}2x-1=3\\ 2x-1=-3\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}2x=4\\ 2x=-2\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=2\left(nhận\right)\\ x=-1\left(loại\right)\end{array}\right.\)

d: \(\left(5x+1\right)^2=3^2\cdot5+76\)

=>\(\left(5x+1\right)^2=9\cdot5+76=45+76=121\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}5x+1=11\\ 5x+1=-11\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}5x=10\\ 5x=-12\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=2\left(nhận\right)\\ x=-\frac{12}{5}\left(loại\right)\end{array}\right.\)

e: \(5+2^{x-3}=29-\left\lbrack4^2-\left(3^2-1\right)\right\rbrack\)

=>\(2^{x-3}+5=29-\left\lbrack16-9+1\right\rbrack\)

=>\(2^{x-3}+5=29-8=21\)

=>\(2^{x-3}=16=2^4\)

=>x-3=4

=>x=4+3=7(nhận)

f: \(3+2^{x-1}=24-\left\lbrack4^2-\left(2^2-1\right)\right\rbrack\)

=>\(2^{x-1}+3=24-\left\lbrack16-4+1\right\rbrack=24-13=11\)

=>\(2^{x-1}=11-3=8=2^3\)

=>x-1=3

=>x=4(nhận)

Bài 6:

a: \(5\cdot5\cdot5\cdot5\cdot5\cdot5=5^6\)

b: \(27\cdot14\cdot7\cdot2=27\cdot14\cdot14=3^3\cdot14^2\)

c: \(x\cdot x\cdot x\cdot y=x^3\cdot y\)

d: \(5^3\cdot5^4=5^{3+4}=5^7\)

e: \(7^8:7^2=7^{8-2}=7^6\)

f: \(42^7:6^7\cdot49=7^7\cdot49=7^7\cdot7^2=7^{7+2}=7^9\)

a) diện tích △ ADG là:

20 x 9 : 2 = 90 (cm2)

diện tích △ ABE là:

14 x 8 : 2 = 56 (cm2)

diện tích hình chữ nhật ABCD là:

20 x 14 = 280 (cm2)

diện tích tứ giác AECG là:

280 - 56 - 90 = 134 (cm2)

b) tỉ số diện tích △ ABE và diện tích △ ADG là:

\(\frac{56}{90}=\frac{28}{45}\)

c: \(\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(-9\right)^3\)

=>x-1=-9

=>x=-9+1=-8

f: \(3x-2^3=7+\left(-9\right)\)

=>3x-8=7-9=-2

=>3x=-2+8=6

=>x=2

Bài 3:

4; 45 + 5\(x\) = 10\(^3\): 10

45 + 5\(x\) = 100

5\(x\) = 100 - 45

5\(x\) = 55

\(x\) = 55 : 5

\(x\) = 11

Vậy \(x=11\)

5; 4\(x\) - 20 = 2\(^5\) : 2\(^2\)

4\(x\) - 20 = 2\(^3\)

4\(x\) = 8 + 20

4\(x\) = 28

\(x\) = 28 : 4

\(x=7\)

Vậy \(x=7\)

Bài 4:

1; 82 - (25 + 4\(x^{}\)) = 17

25 + 4\(x\) \(^{}\) = 82 - 17

4\(x^{}\) = 65 - 25

4\(x^{}\) = 40

\(x=40:4\)

\(x\) = 10

Vậy \(x=10\)

2; 71 - (24 + 3\(x\)) = 24

24 + 3\(x\) = 71 - 24

24 + 3\(x\) = 47

3\(x\) = 47 - 24

3\(x\) = 23

\(x\) = 23 : 3

Vậy \(x=\frac{23}{3}\)

3; 145 - (125 + \(x\)) = 12

125 + \(x\) = 145 - 12

125 + \(x\) = 133

\(x\) = 133 - 125

\(x\) = 8

Vậy \(x=8\)

a: \(640=2^7\cdot5;1440=2^5\cdot3^2\cdot5\)

=>ƯCLN(640;1440)\(=2^5\cdot5=32\cdot5=160\)

640⋮a; 1440⋮a

=>a∈ ƯC(640;1440)

mà a lớn nhất

nên a=ƯCLN(640;1440)=160

b: \(450=2\cdot3^2\cdot5^2;210=2\cdot3\cdot5\cdot7\)

=>ƯCLN(450;210)\(=2\cdot3\cdot5=30\)

450⋮a; 210⋮a

=>a∈ ƯC(450;210)

mà a lớn nhất

nên a=ƯCLN(450;210)=30

c: \(128=2^7;210=2\cdot3\cdot5\cdot7\)

=>ƯCLN(128;210)=2

128⋮a; 210⋮a

=>a∈ ƯC(128;210)

=>a∈ Ư(2)

mà 6<a<15

nên a∈∅

d: \(2350=2\cdot5^2\cdot47;1260=2^2\cdot3^2\cdot5\cdot7\)

=>ƯCLN(2350;1260)=\(2\cdot5=10\)

2350⋮a; 1260⋮a

=>a ∈ƯC(2350;1260)

=>a∈ Ư(10)

mà 80<a<140

nên a∈∅

e: \(112=2^4\cdot7;140=2^2\cdot5\cdot7\)

=>ƯCLN(112;140)\(=2^2\cdot7=28\)

112⋮a; 140⋮a

=>a ∈ƯC(112;140)

=>a∈ Ư(28)

mà 10<a<20

nên a=14

f: \(144=2^4\cdot3^2;192=2^6\cdot3\)

=>ƯCLN(144;192)\(=2^4\cdot3=16\cdot3=48\)

144⋮a; 192⋮a

=>a∈ ƯC(144;192)

=>a∈ Ư(48)

mà a<20

nên a∈{1;2;3;4;6;8;12;16}

g: \(420=2^2\cdot3\cdot5\cdot7;700=2^2\cdot5^2\cdot7\)

=>ƯCLN(420;700)\(=2^2\cdot5\cdot7=4\cdot5\cdot7=20\cdot7=140\)

420⋮a; 700⋮a

=>a∈ ƯC(420;700)

=>a∈ Ư(140)

mà a lớn nhất

nên a=140

Ta có: \(F=5+5^3+5^5+\cdots+5^{101}\)

=>\(25F=5^3+5^5+5^7+\cdots+5^{103}\)

=>\(25F-F=5^3+5^5+5^7+\cdots+5^{103}-5-5^3-5^5-\cdots-5^{101}\)

=>\(24F=5^{103}-5\)

=>\(F=\frac{5^{103}-5}{24}\)

Ta có: \(5^{103}+1>5^{103}-5\)

=>\(\frac{5^{103}+1}{24}>\frac{5^{103}-5}{24}\)

=>E>F

Sửa đề: \(3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^{n}-2^{n}\)

Ta có: \(3^{n+2}+3^{n}-2^{n+2}-2^{n}\)

\(=3^{n}\cdot3^2+3^{n}-2^{n}\cdot4-2^{n}\)

\(=3^{n}\left(3^2+1\right)-2^{n}\cdot\left(4+1\right)\)

\(=3^{n}\cdot10-2^{n}\cdot5=3^{n}\cdot10-2^{n-1}\cdot10=10\left(3^{n}-2^{n-1}\right)\) ⋮10

Sửa đề : 3^n+2 - 2^n+2 + 3^n - 2^n

Ta có : 3^n+2 + 3^n - 2^n+2 - 2^n

= 3^n . 3^2 + 3^n - 2^n . 4 - 2^n

= 3^n . ( 3^2 + 1 ) - 2^n . ( 4 + 1 )

= 3^n . 10 - 2^n . 5 = 3^n . 10 - 2^n-1 . 10 = 10 . ( 3^n - 2^n-1 ) chia hết cho 10