BÀi 1:

a: (-243+345)-(257+(-55)-129)

=-243+345-257+55+129

=(-243-257)+(345+55)+129

=-500+400+129

=-100+129

=29

b: \(\left(-2\right)^3-45:\left(-3\right)^2-\left(-2019\right)^0\cdot\left(-1\right)^{2019}\)

\(=-8-\frac{45}{9}-1\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=-8-5+1

=-13+1

=-12

c: \(\left\lbrack27\cdot\left(-67\right)+33\cdot\left(-27\right)\right\rbrack:\left(-30\right)\)

\(=\frac{-27\left(67+33\right)}{-30}\)

\(=\frac{9}{10}\cdot100=90\)

d: \(\left(1^2+2^2+\cdots+100^2\right)\left(3^4-9^2\right)\)

\(=\left(1^2+2^2+\cdots+100^2\right)\left(81-81\right)\)

=0

e: \(53\cdot47+53^2-2021^0\)

\(=53\left(53+47\right)-1\)

=5300-1

=5299

i: 38+(-21)+(-58)+(-6)

=(38-58)+(-21-6)

=-20-27

=-47

h: (2020+27)-[2020+(-73)]-129

=2020+27-2020+73-129

=100-129

=-29

Lời giải:

$A=(-1-2+3+4)+(-5-6+7+8)+(-9-10+11+12)+...+(-2021-2022+2023+2024)-2024$

$=\underbrace{4+4+...+4}_{506}-2024$
$=4.506-2024=0$

Ta có bài toán tổng quát sau:Chứng minh rằng tổng \(A=\frac{n+1}{n^2+1}+\frac{n+1}{n^2+2}+....+\frac{n+1}{n^2+n}\)(n số hạng và n>1) không phải là số nguyên dương ta có:

\(1=\frac{n+1}{n^2+1}+\frac{n+1}{n^2+2}+...+\frac{n+1}{n^2+3}< \frac{n+1}{n^2+1}+\frac{n+1}{n^2+2}+....+\frac{n+1}{n^2+n}< \frac{n+1}{n^2}+\frac{n+1}{n^2}\)\(+....+\frac{n+1}{n^2}=2\)

Do đó A không phải là số nguyên dương với n=2019 thì ta có bài toán đã cho

Bài 1: Tính hợp lý (nếu có thể)

a) 5.(-8).(-2).(-3)\(=\left(-2.5\right).\left(\left(-3\right).\left(-8\right)\right)=-10.24=-240\)

c) 147.333+233.(-147)\(=147\left(333-233\right)=147.100=14700\)

b) (-125).8.(-2).5.19\(=\left(-125.8\right).\left(-2.5\right).19=-1000.\left(-10\right).19=190\text{ }000\)

d) (-115).27+33.(-115)\(=-115.\left(27+33\right)=-115.60=-6900\)

Bài 2: Tìm số nguyên x, biết: 

a) 2x+19=15\(\Leftrightarrow2x=15-19=-4\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)

c) 24-(x-3)^3=-3\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^3=27=3^3\Leftrightarrow x-3=3\Leftrightarrow x=6\)

1-3-5+7+9-11-13+15+...+2017-2019-2021+2023=

=(1-3-5+7)+(9-11-13+15)+...+(2017-2019-2021+2023)=
=0+0+.....+0=0

=2019

A= 2019.2018 -174.2018 -2019.2018+2019.174

A=174 (2019-2018)

A= 174

A=(2019-174)2018-2019(2018-174)

A=(2019.2018-2018.174)-(2019.2018-2018.174)

A=0

đặt 2²⁰¹⁸ = a ; 3²⁰¹⁹ = b ; 5²⁰²⁰ = c

Ta có : \(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)

\(B=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)

\(2B=\frac{2}{1.2}+\frac{2}{3.4}+...+\frac{2}{2019.2020}\)

\(< 1+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2018.2019}+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)

\(2B< 1+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+....+\frac{2019-2018}{2018.2019}+\frac{2020-2019}{2019.2020}\)

\(2B< 1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}=1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2020}< 1+\frac{1}{2}\)

\(B< \frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow A>1>\frac{3}{4}>B\)

Mình chỉ biết cách tính B thôi, đây nhé:

B= \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{5.6}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)

B=\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\)

\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)

\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)

\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\right)-2\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1010}\right)\)

\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1010}\right)\)

\(B=\frac{1}{1011}+\frac{1}{1012}+....+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\)