Lời giải:

Đặt \(2290+7n=k^3\)

Vì \(50000\leq n\leq 100000\Rightarrow 352290\leq k^3\leq 702290\)

\(\Rightarrow 71\leq k\leq 88\)

Ta thấy \(7n+2290\equiv 1\pmod 7\Rightarrow k^3\equiv 1\pmod 7\)

Xét modulo \(7\) cho $k$ ta thu được \(k\equiv 1, 2,4\pmod 7\)

TH1: \(k=7t+1\Rightarrow 71\leq 7t+1\leq 88\Leftrightarrow 10\leq t\leq 12\)

Thay \(t=10,11,12\) ta thu được \(n\in\left\{50803;67466;87405\right\}\)

TH2: \(k=7t+2\Rightarrow 71\leq 7t+2\leq 88\Rightarrow 10\leq t\leq 12\)

Thay \(t=10,11,12\) ta thu được \(n\in\left\{52994;70107;90538\right\}\)

TH3: \(k=7t+4\Rightarrow 71\leq 7t+4\leq 88\Rightarrow 10\leq t\leq 12\)

Thay \(t=10,11,12\) ta thu được \(n\in\left\{57562;75593;97026\right\}\)

Ta có:

\(50000\le n\le100000\)

\(\Leftrightarrow350000\le7n\le700000\)

\(\Leftrightarrow352290\le2290+7n\le702290\)

Gọi số lập phương đó là \(a^3\left(a\in N\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow352290\le a^3\le702290\)

\(\Leftrightarrow71\le a\le88\)

Bên cạnh đó ta có:

\(2290+7n=a^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n=\dfrac{a^3-2290}{7}=-327+\dfrac{a^3-1}{7}=\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}{7}-327\)

Giờ tìm a sao cho thỏa \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-1⋮7\\a^2+a+1⋮7\end{matrix}\right.\)và \(71\le a\le88\)là xong

a) x³ - 7x + 6 = 0

x³ - x - 6x + 6 = 0

(x³ - x) - (6x - 6) = 0

x(x² - 1) - 6(x - 1) = 0

x(x - 1)(x + 1) - 6(x - 1) = 0

(x - 1)[x(x + 1) - 6] = 0

(x - 1)(x² + x - 6) = 0

(x - 1)(x² - 2x + 3x - 6) = 0

(x - 1)[(x² - 2x) + (3x - 6)] = 0

(x - 1)[x(x - 2) + 3(x - 2)] = 0

(x - 1)(x - 2)(x + 3) = 0

x - 1 = 0 hoặc x - 2 = 0 hoăkc x + 3 = 0

*) x - 1 = 0

x = 1

*) x - 2 = 0

x = 2

*) x + 3 = 0

x = -3

Vậy x = -3; x = 1; x = 2

a: \(x^3-7x+6=0\)

=>\(x^3-x-6x+6=0\)

=>\(x\left(x^2-1\right)-6\left(x-1\right)=0\)

=>x(x-1)(x+1)-6(x-1)=0

=>(x-1)(x^2+x-6)=0

=>(x-1)(x+3)(x-2)=0

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x-1=0\\ x+3=0\\ x-2=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=1\\ x=-3\\ x=2\end{array}\right.\)

b: \(x^4+4x^2-5=0\)

=>\(x^4+5x^2-x^2-5=0\)

=>\(\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)

=>\(x^2-1=0\)

=>\(x^2=1\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=1\\ x=-1\end{array}\right.\)

c: \(x^4+x^3-x^2-x=0\)

=>\(x^3\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x\right)=0\)

=>\(x\left(x+1\right)^2\cdot\left(x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x+1=0\\ x-1=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x=-1\\ x=1\end{array}\right.\)

d: \(x^2+6x-x-6=0\)

=>x(x+6)-(x+6)=0

=>(x+6)(x-1)=0

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x+6=0\\ x-1=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=-6\\ x=1\end{array}\right.\)

e: \(x^2-4x+5x-20=0\)

=>x(x-4)+5(x-4)=0

=>(x-4)(x+5)=0

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x-4=0\\ x+5=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=4\\ x=-5\end{array}\right.\)

f: \(x^2-10x+2x-20=0\)

=>x(x-10)+2(x-10)=0

=>(x-10)(x+2)=0

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x-10=0\\ x+2=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=10\\ x=-2\end{array}\right.\)

g: \(x^4-x^3-x^2+1=0\)

=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)

=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x-1\right)=0\)

TH1: x-1=0

=>x=1

TH2: \(x^3-x-1=0\)

=>x≃1,32

h: \(x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)

=>\(x^3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+x+1=\left(x+\frac12\right)^2+\frac34\ge\frac34>0\forall x\)

nên \(x^3+1=0\)

=>\(x^3=-1\)

=>x=-1

i: \(x^2-9+\left(x+3\right)\left(3x-5\right)=0\)

=>(x-3)(x+3)+(x+3)(3x-5)=0

=>(x+3)(x-3+3x-5)=0

=>(x+3)(4x-8)=0

=>4(x+3)(x-2)=0

=>(x+3)(x-2)=0

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x+3=0\\ x-2=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=-3\\ x=2\end{array}\right.\)

j: \(64x^2-9+8x+3=0\)

=>(8x+3)(8x-3)+(8x+3)=0

=>(8x+3)(8x-3+1)=0

=>(8x+3)(8x-2)=0

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}8x+3=0\\ 8x-2=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=-\frac38\\ x=\frac28=\frac14\end{array}\right.\)

\(a.\left(3x+2\right)^2-\left(3x-2\right)^2=5x+38\\\Leftrightarrow 9x^2+12x+4-9x^2+12x-4=5x+38\\ \Leftrightarrow24x-5x=38\\ \Leftrightarrow19x=38\\\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(2\)

\(b.3\left(x-2\right)^2+9\left(x-1\right)=3\left(x^2+x-3\right)\\\Leftrightarrow 3\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+9x-9=3x^2+3x-9\\ \Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x^2-12x+9x-3x=-12+9-9\\ \Leftrightarrow-6x=-12\\\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(2\)

\(c.\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)^2=5x\left(2-x\right)-11\left(x-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=10x-5x^2-11x+22\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3-2x^2-x=10x-5x^2-11x+22\\\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^3-3x^2-2x^2+5x^2+3x-x-10x+11x=1+22\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=23\\\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{23}{3}\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(\frac{23}{3}\)

\(d.\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2=6x+18\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+6x+9-x^2+6x-9=6x+18\\ \Leftrightarrow12x-6x=18\\ \Leftrightarrow6x=18\\ \Leftrightarrow x=3\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(3\)

\(e.\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-2x=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\\Leftrightarrow x^3+1-2x=x\left(x^2-1\right)\\\Leftrightarrow x^3+1-2x=x^3-x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3-x^3-2x+x=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow-x=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(1\)

\(f.\left(x-2\right)^3+\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)^3\\\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8+9x^2-1=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3-x^3-6x^2+9x^2-3x^2+12x-3x=8+1+1\\ \Leftrightarrow9x=10\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{10}{9}\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(\frac{10}{9}\)