1. \(A=2^{2016}-1\)

\(2\equiv-1\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow2^{2016}\equiv1\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow2^{2016}-1\equiv0\left(mod3\right)\\ \Rightarrow A⋮3\)

\(2^{2016}=\left(2^4\right)^{504}=16^{504}\)

16 chia 5 dư 1 nên 16^504 chia 5 dư 1

=> 16^504-1 chia hết cho 5

hay A chia hết cho 5

\(2^{2016}-1=\left(2^3\right)^{672}-1=8^{672}-1⋮7\)

lý luận TT trg hợp A chia hết cho 5

(3;5;7)=1 = > A chia hết cho 105

2;3;4 TT ạ !!

Bài 1 : \(A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{31}\)

a. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^9.\left(1.3.3^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=13+3^9.13\)

\(\Rightarrow A=13.\left(1+...+3^9\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A⋮13\)

b. \(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^8.\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=40+...+3^8.40\)

\(\Rightarrow A=40.\left(1+...+3^8\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A⋮40\)

Bài 2:

Ta có: \(C=3+3^2+3^4+...+3^{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow C=(3+3^2+3^3+3^4)+...+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99}+3^{100})\)

\(\Rightarrow3.(1+3+3^2+3^3)+...+3^{97}.(1+3+3^2+3^3)\)

\(\Rightarrow3.40+...+3^{97}.40\)

Vì tất cả các số hạng của biểu thức C đều chia hết cho 40

\(\Rightarrow C⋮40\)

Vậy \(C⋮40\)

a, 4 + \(4^2\) + \(4^3\) + ... + \(4^{60}\) chia hết cho 5

= ( 4 + \(4^2\) ) + ( \(4^3\) + \(4^4\) ) +... + ( \(4^{59}\) + \(4^{60}\))

= ( 4 + \(4^2\) ) + \(4^3\) . ( 4 + \(4^2\) ) +... + \(4^{59}\). ( 4 + \(4^2\) )

= 20 + \(4^3\) . 20 + ... + \(4^{59}\) . 20

= 20 . ( 1 + \(4^3\) + ... + \(4^{59}\) ) chia hết cho 5

4 + \(4^2\) + \(4^3\) + ... + \(4^{60}\) chia hết cho 21

= ( 4 + \(4^2\) + \(4^3\) ) + ( \(4^4\) + \(4^5\) + \(4^6\) ) + ... + ( \(4^{58}\)+ \(4^{59}\) + \(4^{60}\) )

= ( 4 + \(4^2\) + \(4^3\) ) + \(4^4\) . ( 4 + \(4^2\) + \(4^3\) ) + ... + \(4^{58}\) . ( 4 + \(4^2\) + \(4^3\) )

= 84 + \(4^4\) . 84 + .... + \(4^{58}\) . 84

= 84 . ( 1 + \(4^4\) + ... + \(4^{58}\) ) chia hết cho 21

b, 5 + \(5^2\) + \(5^3\) + ... + \(5^{10}\) chia hết cho 6

= ( 5 + \(5^2\) ) + ( \(5^3\) + \(5^4\) ) + ... + ( \(5^9\) + \(5^{10}\) )

= ( 5 + \(5^2\) ) + \(5^3\) . ( 5 + \(5^2\) ) + ... + \(5^9\) . ( 5 + \(5^2\) )

= 30 + \(5^3\) . 30 + ... + \(5^9\) . 30

= 30 . ( 1 + \(5^3\) + ... + \(5^9\) ) chia hết cho 6

Vì 13 là lẻ \(\Rightarrow\) 13, 13², 13³, 13⁴, 13⁵, 13⁶ là lẻ.

Mà lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ + lẻ = chẵn nên 13 + 13² + 13³ + 13⁴ + 13⁵ + 13⁶ là chẵn. \(\Rightarrow\) 13 + 13² + 13³ + 13⁴ + 13⁵ + 13⁶ \(⋮\) 2

\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM

Bài1

Bài2

Đề bài là tìm n chứ:

a) Ta có:

\(n+5⋮n+2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(n+2\right)+3⋮n+2\)

\(\Rightarrow3⋮n+2\)

\(\Rightarrow n+2\in U\left(3\right)=\left\{-1;1;-3;3\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n+2=-1\Rightarrow n=-3\\n+2=1\Rightarrow n=-1\\n+2=-3\Rightarrow n=-5\\n+2=3\Rightarrow n=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(n\in\left\{-3;-1;-5;1\right\}\)

b) Ta có:

\(2n+1⋮n-5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2n-10\right)+11⋮n-5\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(n-5\right)+11⋮n-5\)

\(\Rightarrow11⋮n-5\)

\(\Rightarrow n-5\in U\left(11\right)=\left\{-1;1;-11;11\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n-5=-1\Rightarrow n=4\\n-5=1\Rightarrow n=6\\n-5=-11\Rightarrow n=-6\\n-5=11\Rightarrow n=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(n\in\left\{4;6;-6;16\right\}\)

c) Ta có:

\(n^2+3n-13⋮n+3\)

\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+3\right)-13⋮n+3\)

\(\Rightarrow-13⋮n+3\)

\(\Rightarrow n+3\in U\left(13\right)=\left\{-1;1;-13;13\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n+3=-1\Rightarrow n=-4\\n+3=1\Rightarrow n=-2\\n+3=-13\Rightarrow n=-16\\n+3=13\Rightarrow n=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(n\in\left\{-4;-2;-16;10\right\}\)