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\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,3 0,3
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:\)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
trc p/u: 0,3 0,12
p/u: 0,3 0,1 0,2 0,3
sau : 0 0,02 0,2 0,3
----> Fe2O3 dư
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,2<---------------------0,2
=> mMg = 0,2.24 = 4,8 (g)
=> B
a.b.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,05 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)
c.
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,05 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2g\)
a)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Zn} = n_{H_2} = 0,06(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{7,1-0,06.65}{160} = 0,02(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} + 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,24(mol)$
$m_{HCl} = 0,24.36,5 = 8,76(gam)$
b)
Gọi $n_{CuO} = x(mol) ; n_{Fe_3O_4} = y(mol) \Rightarrow 80a + 232y = 3,92(1)$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
$Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} =x + 4y = 0,06(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra: x = 0,02; y = 0,01
$n_{Cu} = 0,02(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 0,02.64 = 1,28(gam)$
$n_{Fe} = 0,01.3 = 0,03(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Fe} = 0,03.56 = 1,68(gam)$
a) $Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{HCl} = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6(gam)$
c) $2H_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$V_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}V_{H_2} = 2,24(lít)$
$n_{H_2O} = n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{H_2O} = 0,2.18 = 9(gam)$
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1mol\)
a)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,2----------------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,2-->0,1
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4+ MnO2 + O2
0,2<------------------------------0,1
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=31,6\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) => Fe dư
a.\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b.\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\)
0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=31,6\left(g\right)\)
c.\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
Xét: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) > \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) ( mol )
--> Sắt không cháy hết
nH2 = 2.24/22.4 = 0.1 (mol)
Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2
0.1________________0.1
mFe = 0.1*56 = 5.6 (g)