I. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each sentence

1. Air pollution causes people’s _________problems.

A. hearing       B. smelling       C. breathing         D. feeling

2. He said he_____________in that factory.

A. work                      B. works            C. worked           D. is working

3. Australia, The USA, Great Britain and _________speak English.

A. Viet Nam              B. China                     C. Canada                  D. Russia

4. The ___________language of Viet Nam is Vietnamese.

A. official                B. native                      C. foreign                   D. unique

5. Which are the most common____________disasters in your country?

- Floods and typhoons.

A. nature                   B. natural                    C. naturally               D. inatural

6. If we __________more trees, there will be less air pollution.

A. plant                     B. planted                   C. planting                 D. plants

7. Pompeii ____________by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

A. destroyed             B. was destroyed       C. is destroyed         D. destroys

8. He would buy that car if he __________enough money.

A. has                   B. have                 C. had had            D. had

9.If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.

A. have /will buy  B. have / would buy       C. had/ will buy    D. had/ would buy.

10.If I ……………you, I …………….do that.

A. am/ will           B. were /would               C. were/ will         D. had been/ would.

11.She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.

a. will be               b. would be          c. were                           d. had been.

12.If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.

a. would walk                b. walks                c. had walked                 d. walked.

13.What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?

a. don’t go            b. didn’t go          c. won’t go           d. wouldn’t go.

14.We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.

a. go                     b. did go               c. went                           d. had gone.

15.If I go shopping, I ………some food.

a. buy                             b. will buy            c. would buy                  d. would have bought.

16. If I were you, I ________do something to prevent him from littering.

A. would              B. did                             C. will                  D. do

17. Many houses___________in the hurricane last night in Nghe An.

A. were destroyed          B. destroyed                  C. are destroyed   D. is destroyed

I. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each sentence

1. Air pollution causes people’s _________problems.

A. hearing       B. smelling       C. breathing         D. feeling

2. He said he_____________in that factory.

A. work                      B. works            C. worked           D. is working

3. Australia, The USA, Great Britain and _________speak English.

A. Viet Nam              B. China                     C. Canada                  D. Russia

4. The ___________language of Viet Nam is Vietnamese.

A. official                B. native                      C. foreign                   D. unique

5. Which are the most common____________disasters in your country?

- Floods and typhoons.

A. nature                   B. natural                    C. naturally               D. inatural

6. If we __________more trees, there will be less air pollution.

A. plant                     B. planted                   C. planting                 D. plants

7. Pompeii ____________by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

A. destroyed             B. was destroyed       C. is destroyed         D. destroys

8. He would buy that car if he __________enough money.

A. has                   B. have                 C. had had            D. had

9.If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.

A. have /will buy  B. have / would buy       C. had/ will buy    D. had/ would buy.

10.If I ……………you, I …………….do that.

A. am/ will           B. were /would               C. were/ will         D. had been/ would.

11.She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.

a. will be               b. would be          c. were                           d. had been.

12.If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.

a. would walk                b. walks                c. had walked                 d. walked.

13.What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?

a. don’t go            b. didn’t go          c. won’t go           d. wouldn’t go.

14.We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.

a. go                     b. did go               c. went                           d. had gone.

15.If I go shopping, I ………some food.

a. buy                             b. will buy            c. would buy                  d. would have bought.

16. If I were you, I ________do something to prevent him from littering.

A. would              B. did                             C. will                  D. do

17. Many houses___________in the hurricane last night in Nghe An.

A. were destroyed          B. destroyed                  C. are destroyed   D. is destroyed

I. Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each sentence

1. Air pollution causes people’s _________problems.

A. hearing       B. smelling       C. breathing         D. feeling

2. He said he_____________in that factory.

A. work                      B. works            C. worked           D. is working

3. Australia, The USA, Great Britain and _________speak English.

A. Viet Nam              B. China                     C. Canada                  D. Russia

4. The ___________language of Viet Nam is Vietnamese.

A. official                B. native                      C. foreign                   D. unique

5. Which are the most common____________disasters in your country?

- Floods and typhoons.

A. nature                   B. natural                    C. naturally               D. inatural

6. If we __________more trees, there will be less air pollution.

A. plant                     B. planted                   C. planting                 D. plants

7. Pompeii ____________by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

A. destroyed             B. was destroyed       C. is destroyed         D. destroys

8. He would buy that car if he __________enough money.

A. has                   B. have                 C. had had            D. had

9.If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.

A. have /will buy  B. have / would buy       C. had/ will buy    D. had/ would buy.

10.If I ……………you, I …………….do that.

A. am/ will           B. were /would               C. were/ will         D. had been/ would.

11.She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.

a. will be               b. would be          c. were                           d. had been.

12.If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.

a. would walk                b. walks                c. had walked                 d. walked.

13.What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?

a. don’t go            b. didn’t go          c. won’t go           d. wouldn’t go.

14.We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.

a. go                     b. did go               c. went                           d. had gone.

15.If I go shopping, I ………some food.

a. buy                             b. will buy            c. would buy                  d. would have bought.

16. If I were you, I ________do something to prevent him from littering.

A. would              B. did                             C. will                  D. do

17. Many houses___________in the hurricane last night in Nghe An.

A. were destroyed          B. destroyed                  C. are destroyed   D. is destroyed

1. Air pollution causes people’s _________problems.

A. hearing       B. smelling       C. breathing         D. feeling

2. He said he_____________in that factory.

A. work                      B. works            C. worked           D. is working

3. Australia, The USA, Great Britain and _________speak English.

A. Viet Nam              B. China                     C. Canada                  D. Russia

4. The ___________language of Viet Nam is Vietnamese.

A. official                B. native                      C. foreign                   D. unique

5. Which are the most common____________disasters in your country?

- Floods and typhoons.

A. nature                   B. natural                    C. naturally               D. inatural

6. If we __________more trees, there will be less air pollution.

A. plant                     B. planted                   C. planting                 D. plants

7. Pompeii ____________by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

A. destroyed             B. was destroyed       C. is destroyed         D. destroys

8. He would buy that car if he __________enough money.

A. has                   B. have                 C. had had            D. had

9.If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.

A. have /will buy  B. have / would buy       C. had/ will buy    D. had/ would buy.

10.If I ……………you, I …………….do that.

A. am/ will           B. were /would               C. were/ will         D. had been/ would.

11.She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.

a. will be               b. would be          c. were                           d. had been.

12.If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.

a. would walk                b. walks                c. had walked                 d. walked.

13.What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?

a. don’t go            b. didn’t go          c. won’t go           d. wouldn’t go.

14.We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.

a. go                     b. did go               c. went                           d. had gone.

15.If I go shopping, I ………some food.

a. buy                             b. will buy            c. would buy                  d. would have bought.

16. If I were you, I ________do something to prevent him from littering.

A. would              B. did                             C. will                  D. do

17. Many houses___________in the hurricane last night in Nghe An.

A. were destroyed          B. destroyed                  C. are destroyed   D. is destroyed

1. Air pollution causes people’s _________problems.

A. hearing       B. smelling       C. breathing         D. feeling

2. He said he_____________in that factory.

A. work                      B. works            C. worked           D. is working

3. Australia, The USA, Great Britain and _________speak English.

A. Viet Nam              B. China                     C. Canada                  D. Russia

4. The ___________language of Viet Nam is Vietnamese.

A. official                B. native                      C. foreign                   D. unique

5. Which are the most common____________disasters in your country?

- Floods and typhoons.

A. nature                   B. natural                    C. naturally               D. inatural

6. If we __________more trees, there will be less air pollution.

A. plant                     B. planted                   C. planting                 D. plants

7. Pompeii ____________by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79.

A. destroyed             B. was destroyed       C. is destroyed         D. destroys

8. He would buy that car if he __________enough money.

A. has                   B. have                 C. had had            D. had

9.If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.

A. have /will buy  B. have / would buy       C. had/ will buy    D. had/ would buy.

10.If I ……………you, I …………….do that.

A. am/ will           B. were /would               C. were/ will         D. had been/ would.

11.She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.

a. will be               b. would be          c. were                           d. had been.

12.If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.

a. would walk                b. walks                c. had walked                 d. walked.

13.What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?

a. don’t go            b. didn’t go          c. won’t go           d. wouldn’t go.

14.We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.

a. go                     b. did go               c. went                           d. had gone.

15.If I go shopping, I ………some food.

a. buy                             b. will buy            c. would buy                  d. would have bought.

16. If I were you, I ________do something to prevent him from littering.

A. would              B. did                             C. will                  D. do

17. Many houses___________in the hurricane last night in Nghe An.

A. were destroyed          B. destroyed                  C. are destroyed   D. is destroyed

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. disease B. dead C. treatment D. sneeze

2. A. environment B. billboard C. visual D. litter

3. A. birth B. thermal C. earth D. further

4. A. poisoned B. died C. dumped D. caused

5. A. contaminant B. waste C. illustrate

II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is placed differently.

D. radiation

1. A. environment B. temperature C. botanical D. contaminant

2. A. untreated B. aquatic C. pollution D. electronic

3. A. pollute B. poison C. damage D. illustrate

4. A. presentation B. radioactive C. environmental D. contamination

5. A. permanent B. Chemical C. dramatic D. herbicide

III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.

1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily p________.

2. Health e________ from air pollution include lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.

3. Acid rain causes serious d________ to plants and trees.

4. If the air wasn’t dirty, Nick w________ sneeze so much.

5. The main gases that l________ to acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.

6. There is a danger of serious contamination from radioactive w________.

7. Hundreds of d________ fish were found floating in the river near the factory.

8. U________ sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.

IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.

1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.

A. from B. at C. to D. with

2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.

A. on B. of C. for D. to

3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.

A. Air pollution B. Light pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution

4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.

A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to

5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.

A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist D. doesn’t exist

6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.

A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants

7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.

A. if B. since C. when D. although

8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.

A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in

9. ________can we help save our environment?

A. What B. How C. Why D. How much

10. If we care about plastic waste________.

A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water? B. we would use reusable shopping bags C. we will

throw away plastic water bottles. D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?

V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

1. What will happen if the Earth stopped moving?

A B C D

2. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle.

A B C D

3. Humans can even die if they will drink contaminated water.

A B C D

4. Long-term exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.

A B C D

5. They believe that water pollution is the large cause of death and disease in the world.

A B C D

6. Is the recycling process in itself damaging for the environment?

A B C D

7. We won’t save the environment if we stop using so much energy.

A B C D

8. One in six species is at risk of extinction because climate change.

A B C D

9. The amount of waste decreased if people started to buy reusable packages.

A B C D

10. Contaminated water can cause of many types of diarrheal diseases, including cholera.

A B C D

VI. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.

1. It would be better for the environment if more people________ (use) bikes rather than cars.

2. If we use less energy, we________ (help) reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

3. Every year, million tons of plastic________ (dump) into the oceans.

4. A thick smog________ (settle) over New Delhi since winter________ (begin).

5. Noise pollution can________ (cause) by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise.

6. Human activities________ (destroy) nature at an unacceptable rate right now.

7. A decade ago, WHO________ (classify) air pollution as a link to lung cancer.

8. If the temperature________ (increase) by a few degrees during the next few years, we________ (run

into) serious problems.

9. What________ (happen) if all the pollution in the world________ (disappear)?

10. At 8 o’clock last night, I________ (watch) “A Plastic Wave”, a documentary on plastic pollution.

11. We should avoid ________ (buy) frozen foods because their packaging is mostly plastic.

12. Air pollution can make people ________ (die).

VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. As an________ why do you oppose banning plastic bags? (environment)

2. The radiation leak has had a________ effect on the environment. (disaster)

3. The water supply is being tested for ________. (contaminate)

4. Heavy metals in________ water cut short millions of lives every year. (drink)

5. Scientists warn that plastic pollution in oceans will be one of the ________ threats. (big)

6. Pollution is the process of making parts of the living environment________. (dirt)

7. If thermal pollution continues for a long time, it can________ cause huge bacteria. (possible)

8. She became deaf after long-term________ to noise in the workplace. (expose)

9. Living near a busy road could cause high blood________. (press)

10. Wastewater________ a process used to remove contaminants from sewage. (treat)

VIII. Match the questions to the answers.

1. What is the main reason for thermal

pollution?

2. What effect does thermal pollution have

on aquatic animals?

3. How to minimize the water pollution due

to Chemicals?

4. What diseases are usually caused by air

pollution?

5. Which gas is mainly responsible for

global warming?

6. What are the effects of noise pollution? 7.

Why are plastic bags a big environmental

nuisance?

8. What are sources of radioactive pollution?

a. They are non-biodegradable and create an

environmental harzard.

b. Nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants,

mining and processing of nuclear material etc.

c. Carbon dioxide. It contributes about 55% to

global warming.

d. It affects their growth and may kill off them.

e. Hot water released by power plants and

industries.

f. Sleep disturbance, high blood pressure,

emotional problems and annoyance.

g. Rickets, throat cancer, lung cancer and

breathing problem.

h. Treat wastewater before discharging into a

flowing body of water.

IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

Many human activities over the last 200 years have been responsible (1) ________ polluting the air and

damaging people’s health. Automobile engines and power plants burn combustible (2) ________ like

gasoline and coal and allow toxic gases and smoke to escape into the air. Some pollutants destroy the ozone

layer, which is the thin blanket of gases that

(3) ________ Earth from the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays. Other pollutants contribute to (4) ________

warming by adding to the planet’s natural greenhouse effect. Still others create acid rain, a phenomenon

that has disastrous (5) ________ on lake and forest habitats. Air pollution is not limited to industrial areas.

Depending on the direction of the wind and its force, air pollutants may (6) ________ spread to other

countries very far from the source of the pollution.

Big cities like Los Angeles and Mexico City are*often covered by smog, a fog that occurs (7) ________ air

pollution. In 1952, the City of London, England, was enveloped by smog so thick that people on the streets

had to feel their way around by (8) ________ the walls of buildings!

1. A. for B. of C. to D. with

2. A. chemicals B. means C. fuels D. matters

3. A. covers B. protects C. stops D. damages

4. A. environmental B. thermal C. temperature D. global

5. A. affects B. causes C. sources D. effects

6. A. never B. even C. ever D. hardly

7. A. because of B. in spite of C. instead of D. due of

8. A. climbing B. walking C. touching D. putting up

X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.

There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by

nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the

air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and

smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping

garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We

pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,

especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.

The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution?

How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is

the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much

as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up,

after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air

pollution.

Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can

help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years. A. Find the word in bold in the

passage that means:

1. the protection of the natural environment ________

2. have a bad effect on something ________

3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry ________

4. sharing a car ride with other people ________

5. waste gases that come out of an engine ________

6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ________

7. get rid of ________

B. Choose the correct answers.

1. According to the passage, pollution________

A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.

C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.

2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?

A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution

3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?

A. Land development B. Waste disposal

C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic

4. How can we help save our environment?

A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.

C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.

5. How does recycling help the environment?

A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.

C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?

A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school

C. Use public transport D. All of the above

7. What is the main idea of this article?

A.The air is dirty because of cars and factories. B. The soil gets polluted from littering.

C.People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.

D. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)

____________________________________________________________________

3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.

(SINCE)

____________________________________________________________________

4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)

____________________________________________________________________

6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)

____________________________________________________________________

7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)

____________________________________________________________________

8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)

____________________________________________________________________

9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence.

(EVEN THOUGH)

____________________________________________________________________

10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)

____________________________________________________________________

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. disease B. dead C. treatment D. sneeze

2. A. environment B. billboard C. visual D. litter

3. A. birth B. thermal C. earth D. further

4. A. poisoned B. died C. dumped D. caused

5. A. contaminant B. waste C. illustrate

II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is placed differently.

D. radiation

1. A. environment B. temperature C. botanical D. contaminant

2. A. untreated B. aquatic C. pollution D. electronic

3. A. pollute B. poison C. damage D. illustrate

4. A. presentation B. radioactive C. environmental D. contamination

5. A. permanent B. Chemical C. dramatic D. herbicide

III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.

1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily p________.

2. Health e________ from air pollution include lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.

3. Acid rain causes serious d________ to plants and trees.

4. If the air wasn’t dirty, Nick w________ sneeze so much.

5. The main gases that l________ to acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.

6. There is a danger of serious contamination from radioactive w________.

7. Hundreds of d________ fish were found floating in the river near the factory.

8. U________ sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.

IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.

1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.

A. from B. at C. to D. with

2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.

A. on B. of C. for D. to

3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.

A. Air pollution B. Light pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution

4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.

A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to

5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.

A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist D. doesn’t exist

6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.

A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants

7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.

A. if B. since C. when D. although

8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.

A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in

9. ________can we help save our environment?

A. What B. How C. Why D. How much

10. If we care about plastic waste________.

A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water? B. we would use reusable shopping bags C. we will

throw away plastic water bottles. D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?

V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

1. What will happen if the Earth stopped moving?

A B C D

2. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle.

A B C D

3. Humans can even die if they will drink contaminated water.

A B C D

4. Long-term exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.

A B C D

5. They believe that water pollution is the large cause of death and disease in the world.

A B C D

6. Is the recycling process in itself damaging for the environment?

A B C D

7. We won’t save the environment if we stop using so much energy.

A B C D

8. One in six species is at risk of extinction because climate change.

A B C D

9. The amount of waste decreased if people started to buy reusable packages.

A B C D

10. Contaminated water can cause of many types of diarrheal diseases, including cholera.

A B C D

VI. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.

1. It would be better for the environment if more people________ (use) bikes rather than cars.

2. If we use less energy, we________ (help) reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

3. Every year, million tons of plastic________ (dump) into the oceans.

4. A thick smog________ (settle) over New Delhi since winter________ (begin).

5. Noise pollution can________ (cause) by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise.

6. Human activities________ (destroy) nature at an unacceptable rate right now.

7. A decade ago, WHO________ (classify) air pollution as a link to lung cancer.

8. If the temperature________ (increase) by a few degrees during the next few years, we________ (run

into) serious problems.

9. What________ (happen) if all the pollution in the world________ (disappear)?

10. At 8 o’clock last night, I________ (watch) “A Plastic Wave”, a documentary on plastic pollution.

11. We should avoid ________ (buy) frozen foods because their packaging is mostly plastic.

12. Air pollution can make people ________ (die).

VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. As an________ why do you oppose banning plastic bags? (environment)

2. The radiation leak has had a________ effect on the environment. (disaster)

3. The water supply is being tested for ________. (contaminate)

4. Heavy metals in________ water cut short millions of lives every year. (drink)

5. Scientists warn that plastic pollution in oceans will be one of the ________ threats. (big)

6. Pollution is the process of making parts of the living environment________. (dirt)

7. If thermal pollution continues for a long time, it can________ cause huge bacteria. (possible)

8. She became deaf after long-term________ to noise in the workplace. (expose)

9. Living near a busy road could cause high blood________. (press)

10. Wastewater________ a process used to remove contaminants from sewage. (treat)

VIII. Match the questions to the answers.

1. What is the main reason for thermal

pollution?

2. What effect does thermal pollution have

on aquatic animals?

3. How to minimize the water pollution due

to Chemicals?

4. What diseases are usually caused by air

pollution?

5. Which gas is mainly responsible for

global warming?

6. What are the effects of noise pollution? 7.

Why are plastic bags a big environmental

nuisance?

8. What are sources of radioactive pollution?

a. They are non-biodegradable and create an

environmental harzard.

b. Nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants,

mining and processing of nuclear material etc.

c. Carbon dioxide. It contributes about 55% to

global warming.

d. It affects their growth and may kill off them.

e. Hot water released by power plants and

industries.

f. Sleep disturbance, high blood pressure,

emotional problems and annoyance.

g. Rickets, throat cancer, lung cancer and

breathing problem.

h. Treat wastewater before discharging into a

flowing body of water.

IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

Many human activities over the last 200 years have been responsible (1) ________ polluting the air and

damaging people’s health. Automobile engines and power plants burn combustible (2) ________ like

gasoline and coal and allow toxic gases and smoke to escape into the air. Some pollutants destroy the ozone

layer, which is the thin blanket of gases that

(3) ________ Earth from the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays. Other pollutants contribute to (4) ________

warming by adding to the planet’s natural greenhouse effect. Still others create acid rain, a phenomenon

that has disastrous (5) ________ on lake and forest habitats. Air pollution is not limited to industrial areas.

Depending on the direction of the wind and its force, air pollutants may (6) ________ spread to other

countries very far from the source of the pollution.

Big cities like Los Angeles and Mexico City are*often covered by smog, a fog that occurs (7) ________ air

pollution. In 1952, the City of London, England, was enveloped by smog so thick that people on the streets

had to feel their way around by (8) ________ the walls of buildings!

1. A. for B. of C. to D. with

2. A. chemicals B. means C. fuels D. matters

3. A. covers B. protects C. stops D. damages

4. A. environmental B. thermal C. temperature D. global

5. A. affects B. causes C. sources D. effects

6. A. never B. even C. ever D. hardly

7. A. because of B. in spite of C. instead of D. due of

8. A. climbing B. walking C. touching D. putting up

X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.

There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by

nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the

air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and

smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping

garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We

pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,

especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.

The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution?

How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is

the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much

as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up,

after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air

pollution.

Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can

help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years. A. Find the word in bold in the

passage that means:

1. the protection of the natural environment ________

2. have a bad effect on something ________

3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry ________

4. sharing a car ride with other people ________

5. waste gases that come out of an engine ________

6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ________

7. get rid of ________

B. Choose the correct answers.

1. According to the passage, pollution________

A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.

C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.

2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?

A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution

3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?

A. Land development B. Waste disposal

C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic

4. How can we help save our environment?

A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.

C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.

5. How does recycling help the environment?

A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.

C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?

A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school

C. Use public transport D. All of the above

7. What is the main idea of this article?

A.The air is dirty because of cars and factories. B. The soil gets polluted from littering.

C.People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.

D. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)

____________________________________________________________________

3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.

(SINCE)

____________________________________________________________________

4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)

____________________________________________________________________

6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)

____________________________________________________________________

7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)

____________________________________________________________________

8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)

____________________________________________________________________

9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence.

(EVEN THOUGH)

____________________________________________________________________

10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)

____________________________________________________________________

VI. Read the passage and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fit each space. (1.5pts)

Environmental pollution is a term that (1).......... to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with gases and smoke, (2) .......... the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the (3) .......... with too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings in various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by (4) .......... junk and litter on the land and in the water.

Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today. Air, water and soil are necessary to the survival of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and (5) .......... death. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s (6) .......... beautiful world.

1. A. means B. refers C. provides D. reduces

2. A. purifies B. pumps C. sprays D. poisons

3. A. soil B. forests C. streets D. beaches

4. A. spoiling B. leaving C. scattering D. gathering

5. A. so B. ever C. too D. even

6. A. nature B. natural C. naturally D. natured

VII. Rewrite the sentences with the same meaning. (1.5pt)

1. Eating too much sugar can result in health problem. (lead to)

=> ..............................................................................................................................................

2. They don't drive out the cattle to the field in the winter.

=> The cattle .............................................................................................................................

3. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.

=> Before ..................................................................................................................................

IX Read the passage.

​There are three main (1) ……………… of pollution: air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Air, which is the most important element of our environment for our (2) ……………………, can be polluted in many ways. Smoke in the air from mills, factories and industry (3) …………………… carbon, monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, which are all poisonous gases. This leads (4) …………………… health problems like asthma and lung diseases, and the thinning of the ozone layer, which (5) …………………… us from harmful UV ray. China, the USA, Russia, India, Mexico and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution (6) …………………… Water is also polluted by the discharge of commercial and industrial waste. Sewage in drinking water is another (7) …………………… of water pollution as it contains germs and viruses. The noise of vehicles, mills, and factories can be really unbearable. This kind of constant sound also (8) ……………… headaches, tension, (9) ……..………… stress and migraines. People living next to a building site where there is too much noise can become sick, as they can not sleep or relax. This is (10) …………………… noise pollution.

11Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).

​1. ​A. types​B. kinds​C. models​D. both A & B

​2.​A. survival​B. survive​C. surviving​D. survived

​3. ​A. includes​B. include​C. contains​D. contain

​4. ​A. in​B. into​C. to​D. from

​5.​A. prevents​B. protects​C. avoids​D. hides

​6.​A. emissions​B. emitted​C. emission​D. emitting

​7. ​A. effect​B. cause​C. result​D. consequence

​8. ​A. causes​B. leads to​C. results in​D. all are correct

​9.​A. brain​B. mind​C. head​D. mental

​10. A. told​B. called​C. said​D. mentioned

21Answer the questions below.

​1. ​What are the examples of health problems caused by air pollution?

​​

​2. ​Why is sewage in drinking water another cause of water pollution?

​​

​3.​What does the writer says about the noise of vehicles, mills and factories?